free or very low voids composites even in large or complicated moulds
In this process, the preform is laid into the mould in a dry form without any resin, and then enclosed by a specific stack of bagging materials (such as peel ply, infusion mesh and bagging film) before being subjected to vacuum pressure using a vacuum pump. Once all the air has been removed or vacuumed from the bag and the preform has been fully compressed, resin is introduced to the preform through a pipe known as spiral tube meteor shower tonight new jersey , then resin infuses through the preform under the vacuum pressure. After 166 A. H. Hassanin et al. the resin has completely infused through the preform, the supply of resin is closed, and the composite is left to cure under vacuum pressure. Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of VARTM and VARTM consumable tools. The use of VARTM with natural fibers is not very popular. However, flax and hemp fibers were used in nonwoven and woven forms as reinforcement to epoxy and soybean oil resins (O’Donnell et al. 2004; Rayyaan et